The Meaning of White Lie
hossein
atrak
استادیار دانشگاه زنجان
author
text
article
2013
per
There is no doubt that “lying” is an unethical practice. But, in some situations, such as; where the life of an innocent person to be at risk, it is considered permissible by both the intelligence and law. The “white lie”, for ordinary people, is the lie that is permissible. But this term has become a victim of personal interpretations. As a result, many of non-permissible lies in the intelligence and law's view, because of the personal interpretation of white lie, have been considered permissible. Studying the permissible lies in both the intelligence and law's view, we are going to suggest a definition of white lie. White lie is permissible because of a 'necessity'. The necessity includes three cases: reluctance, emergency (including warding off the losses of life, honor and significant financial), and warding off the more corruption with corruption and to reforming people’s relationship.
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
25
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_65_1957c22e1a64e0927c352b307de682d6.pdf
Epistemic Paternalism
jalal
peykani
Assosiate Professor in philosophy, Payam-e Nour University
author
faramarz
tagilu
استادیار دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2013
per
In this paper, first we attempt to explain the concept of paternalism from the standpoint of political philosophy. Then, restricting debate to epistemology, we will show that paternalism is based on an epistemic claim. Also, we will distinguish certain kind of paternalism as epistemic paternalism, and then will study the manners of actualization and justification of this kind of paternalism. Finally, the view is defend that the epistemic paternalism because of its valuable epistemic consequences will be legitimate if it construct on some certain criterions without postulating epistemic superiority of some people, and if it is accomplished by experts. In this paper, first we attempt to explain the concept of paternalism from the standpoint of political philosophy. Then, restricting debate to epistemology, we will show that paternalism is based on an epistemic claim. Also, we will distinguish certain kind of paternalism as epistemic paternalism, and then will study the manners of actualization and justification of this kind of paternalism. Finally, the view is defend that the epistemic paternalism because of its valuable epistemic consequences will be legitimate if it construct on some certain criterions without postulating epistemic superiority of some people, and if it is accomplished by experts. In this paper, first we attempt to explain the concept of paternalism from the standpoint of political philosophy. Then, restricting debate to epistemology, we will show that paternalism is based on an epistemic claim. Also, we will distinguish certain kind of paternalism as epistemic paternalism, and then will study the manners of actualization and justification of this kind of paternalism. Finally, the view is defend that the epistemic paternalism because of its valuable epistemic consequences will be legitimate if it construct on some certain criterions without postulating epistemic superiority of some people, and if it is accomplished by experts.
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
46
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_66_69f03808804ed6d2ec208569a8dbcc6e.pdf
Clarifying the Issues of Technology and Its Position
in Theism
masomeh
salari rad
هیأت علمی گروه معارف دانشگاه پیام نور کرمان
author
Monireh
Faridi khorshidi
کارشناس ارشد دانشگاه پیام نور کرمان
author
text
article
2013
per
The question of technology, due to inability of a branch of knowledge to answer our contemporary important questions, is one of the interdisciplinary studies that was introduced since the second half of the 20th century to see the human world from a critical viewpoint. The issue appeared first in philosophy of technology as the issue of the relation between philosophy and technology. Martin Heidegger, the most important feature of contemporary philosophy distinguishes the philosophical deliberation on technology from others, and considers technology philosophically. There are two approaches to technology: positive and negative, i.e., technology as a key factor for achieving to a utopia or as a tool leading us dystopia. Heidegger goes to the basis and roots of this relationship and considers it from an ontological viewpoint. First of all, since what appears in the phenomenology of technology becomes apparent to us in the light of causality, and since God, according to this idea, can be reduced to a mere cause, there is no room for God as the cause of causes. Secondly, according to common sense, technology is a mere tool which its development will lead us to utopia, but unlike, it seems we are interred to dystopia. Thirdly, the rational theology is in consistent with the technology as a process from which emerges the concept of globalization.
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
76
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_67_41eef47443ff4cada33673173a236ecf.pdf
Relativism in Religious Conception of Wittgenstein
Mohsen
Talaei
استادیار گروه فلسفه دانشگاه زنجان
author
text
article
2013
per
Relativism in Religious Conception of Wittgenstein
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
97
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_68_80cf8c76605983cd46417aed82ecacf1.pdf
Kant and the Relationship between Physical and Ethical Theology
Reza
Mahozi
استادیار فلسفه پژوهشکده مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی
author
text
article
2013
per
Although Kant in Critique of Pure Reason has pointed out the theoretical theology from which the antinomies emerged, but the physico- theological (teleological) argument has been nevertheless worthwhile. In Critique of Practical Reason, the proper face of theology has been presented in the framework of moral theology, and in Critique of Judgment he justifies some of its foundations. In the later work, by the faculty of reflective judgment and through presenting a new reading of physico- teleological argument, he introduces a neumenal picture of the world as teleological for which God is the intelligent designer. For Kant, this picture and the theology based on it requires the moral theology, and indeed it is an introduction to this theology - especially in coordinating virtue and happiness as the highest good components. On the other hand, the moral theology realizes the intellectual ideas which are propounded in physico- teleological theology and tries establishing them. In this paper I am going to demonstrate these two theologies and their relationship in the viewpoint of Kant.
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
122
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_69_9ee50ec4152a7c94a2f85d26b5b7f2d4.pdf
The Place of Ethics in Heidegger''''''''s Thought and Heidegger''''''''s Position on Ethics"
Mohammad javad
Movahedi
دانشجو دکتری فلسفه دانشگاه اصفهان
author
Golam Hossein
Tavakkoli
استادیار دانشگاه اصفهان
author
text
article
2013
per
We can find a few words of Heidegger on ethics and he says that ethical questions have no place in his discussions. Therefore, the place of ethics in his thought is very complicate and unclear, and this has led to different interpretations about his moral perspective. However, it the can be found discussions in his works that apart from ontology issues have also ethical aspects, such as authenticity and being-with. On the other hand, Heidegger has not definitely Kant''''''''s position on Ethics, but his little contribution nevertheless is not ignorable. This article will answer to two fundamental questions in Heidegger''''''''s thought: first, what is the ethics place in Heidegger’s philosophy? And then, based on the given answer of this question, we examine the question that “what is the Heidegger''''''''s position on ethics?”
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
138
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_70_1e532cc1930ef4d9e537a3cf81c2692d.pdf
Neurophilosophy since the Beginning until Now
Mohammad Mehdi
Mirlo
کارشناس ارشد فلسفه غرب از دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Mohammad Ali
Nazari
استادیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه تبریز
author
Somayyeh
Asadzadeh
دانشجوی کارشناسی روانشناسی بالینی دانشگاه تبریز
author
text
article
2013
per
More than 30 years ago, the term neurophilosophy was developed to describe a new domain of interdisciplinary researches. Introducing the neuroscience to philosophers and also philosophy to neuroscientists, Patricia Churchland published his book entitled neurophilosophy (1986), although the greater emphasis was on the first one. Neurophilosophy creates a particular interest to those who believe in physicalistic. For example, neurophilosophy has been able to fill the gap between consciousness and physical phenomena. This term reflects potentially revolutionary developments in which proposed theories about the mind are combined with neuroscience results about the organization of brain. The goal of neurophilosophy is to make cooperation among neuroscience, psychology, genetics, evolutionary biology and philosophy; so it leads to better understanding of the human mind.
Journal of Philosophical Investigations
University of Tabriz
2251-7960
7
v.
12
no.
2013
1
158
https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_71_3a66ef36ae49c1e2858edc0a26564353.pdf