University of Tabriz Journal of Philosophical Investigations 2251-7960 20 54 2026 02 20 Al-Biruni’s Ethical System Compared to Aristotle’s, Which Went to the Arab World Al-Biruni’s Ethical System Compared to Aristotle’s, Which Went to the Arab World 53 64 20959 10.22034/jpiut.2025.70436.4356 FA Yang Lee Emeritus Professor, Department of Psychology, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea. Gyunyeol Park Professor, Department of Ethics Education, Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea Abu Musa Mohammad Arif-Billah Professor, University of Dhaka, Chairman of Abu-Rayhan Al-Biruni Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Journal Article 2025 11 28 This study aims to compare the ethical systems of Aristotle and Al-Biruni. The former was built in the ‘West’, but the latter was on the ‘Middle’ toward the ‘East’. Reviewing their literature and introducing the new concepts, this study found that while Aristotle’s system influenced Al-Biruni’s in the application of a scientific frame to ethical issues, the two systems shared a concern not for the moral judgment but for the moral agent. However, they differ from each other in the conceptualization of the agents. Aristotle’s model is the person of virtue evaluated by the golden mean, but Al-Biruni’s is the person of manliness rated by the reversibility of others. This comparison advanced the differentiation that the moral pragmatic is devoted to Aristotle’s and the moral practical to Al-Bruni’s. The study would contribute to resolving the current moral confusion and would demonstrate a model to integrate the systems of the western and eastern worlds. This study aims to compare the ethical systems of Aristotle and Al-Biruni. The former was built in the ‘West’, but the latter was on the ‘Middle’ toward the ‘East’. Reviewing their literature and introducing the new concepts, this study found that while Aristotle’s system influenced Al-Biruni’s in the application of a scientific frame to ethical issues, the two systems shared a concern not for the moral judgment but for the moral agent. However, they differ from each other in the conceptualization of the agents. Aristotle’s model is the person of virtue evaluated by the golden mean, but Al-Biruni’s is the person of manliness rated by the reversibility of others. This comparison advanced the differentiation that the moral pragmatic is devoted to Aristotle’s and the moral practical to Al-Bruni’s. The study would contribute to resolving the current moral confusion and would demonstrate a model to integrate the systems of the western and eastern worlds. https://philosophy.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_20959_38a9c03863333e2491c63872b44688b5.pdf