Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه یزد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه فلسفه و کلام، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران

چکیده

اهمیت شناخت نوع اضافه بین عالم و معلوم، تعیین جایگاه علم در رویکرد جهان شناختی و کارکرد معرفت‌شناسانه آن است. پرسش اینکه: با تغییر در مبانی فلسفی، نوع اضافه بین عالم و معلوم چه معنا و کارکردی می­‌یابد؟ در نگاه ماهوی نوع این اضافه مقولی است که با فرض دوگانگی طرفین اضافه، سبب معضلاتی چون اعتباریت علم، تمایز عالم از معلوم و اشکالات وجود ذهنی می‌­شود. در سیر دوم یعنی اصالت وجود با رویکرد تشکیکی، اضافه از نوع اشراقی است که در آن علمِ عالم، در رابطه‌­ای طولی و تشکیکی، علت ایجاد معلوم می­‌گردد. رهاورد گذر از وحدت تشکیکی به وحدت شخصی وجود هم، وحدت و بساطت عالم و اضافه قیومی او با شؤون و مظاهرش است. اضافه نیز بین وجود عالم و علم ذاتی­اش تحقق می­‌یابد. نتیجه اینکه، متناسب با سیرهای سه­‌گانه، با عبور از کثرت به وحدت، تدریجاً اضافه جای خود را به عینیت عالم و معلوم می‌­دهد تا اینکه در سیر سوم به حضور و شهود تام عالم از خویش در آینه ظهوراتش می‌­انجامد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Three Stages of Attribution of Knowledge According to Three Philosophical Journeys; The Originality of Nature, the Originality of the Existence of Gradational Oneness and the Originality of the Existence of Personal Oneness

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Saadatmand 1
  • Ali Babaei 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Theology, University of Yazd, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy, University of Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The importance of recognizing the type of attribution between the knower and the known is determining the position of knowledge in the worldview approach and its epistemological function. The main question of this research is: What is the meaning and function of the type of attribution between the knower and the known with the evolution in the philosophical principles? According to the originality of nature, the type of this attribution is the categorical attribution, assuming the duality of the two sides of the attribution, causes problems such as the validity of knowledge, the distinction between the knower and the known, and the problems of mental existence. According to the originality of the existence of gradational oneness, the type of this attribution is the illuminative attribution. In this type of attribution, the knowledge of knower, in a longitudinal and gradational relationship, becomes the cause of the creation of known, and finally according to the originality of the existence of personal oneness, the unity between the knower and the known can be stated and the type of attribution is qāyúmi attribution. The findings of the research show that according to the three philosophical journeys, by passing from multiplicity to unity, the gradational aspect gives its position to unity between the knower and the known, until in the third journey, the presence and intuition of the knower appears in the mirror of his manifestations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • knowledge
  • Mullā Ṣadrā
  • categorical attribution
  • illuminative attribution
  • Qāyúmi attribution
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