Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه زیست جمعی و نیازهای متقابل اساس زندگی بشر را تشکیل داده و حفظ تعادل آن، مستلزم همکاری مشترک در عرصه جهانی است. لذا انسان به تنهایی قادر به حل بحران­ها و چالش­های پیرموان خود نخواهد بود. با گسترش  بیماری کرونا­ویروس یا کووید 19، به عنوان یک «اپیدمی جهانی»، همکاری­های متقابل و نوع دوستی بیشتر اهمیت یافته و مهار بیماری، درمان مبتلایان و پوشش نیازهای آسیب­­دیدگان و تامین حقوق انسانی، نیازمند مبنایی اساسی جهت الزامی شدن «اصل حمایت از حقوق انسانی دیگران»، می­باشد. هدف اساسی مقاله، موجه­سازی این الزام بر بنیاد اخلاق وظیفه­گرای کانتی با رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می­دهد که متاثر از کووید 19 حقوق انسانی افراد زیادی در معرض آسیب قرار گرفته و اخلاق وظیفه­گرا به جهت نهادینه­سازی قانون الزامی عمل به تکلیف ناشی از فاعل اخلاقی و خودآیین، خرد خودبنیاد و اراده نیک و آزاد، می­تواند منشا حرکت افراد اخلاقی برای تضمین اصل حمایت از سایرین در برابر این بیماری شود. انسان متصف به اخلاق وظیفه­گرا در کمک به سایر افراد، صرفا به اصل عمل اخلاقی «حمایت از دیگری»، توجه می­نماید، لذا در کمال بی­طرفی، عدالت، برابری، عدم تبعیض و بدون دخالت دادن انطباعات حسی، به افراد نیازمند، آسیب­دیده، مبتلا و بیمار کمک می­نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Protecting the Human Rights of Individuals against Covid-19 (Coronavirus) in the Light of Kant's Deontological Moral Philosophy

نویسنده [English]

  • Hassan Khosravi

Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

 Today, collective living and mutual needs form the basis of human life, and maintaining its balance requires cooperation in the world. Therefore, man alone will not be able to solve the challenges of his elders. With the spread of coronavirus, or Covid-19, as a "global epidemic", mutual cooperation and altruism have become more important, and disease control, treatment of patients and coverage of the needs of victims and the human rights need a necessary basis to protect the human rights. The main purpose of this paper is to justify this requirement on the basis of Kant's deontological ethics with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study show that many people are exposed to harm as a result of Covid-19, and deontological ethics according to the categorical imperative, moral agency, self-founded wisdom, and good and free will can be the source of a moral movement toward others support against the disease. A person characterized by this ethics, in helping other people only pays attention to the principle of moral action "supporting the other", so incomplete neutrality, justice, equality, non-discrimination and without interfering with sensory consciousness, helps all individuals as the needy, the injured, the infected and the sick. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Coronavirus
  • Covid-19
  • Principle of Protection
  • Human Rights
  • Kant's Deontological Ethics
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