نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، مرکز تحقیقات افق-های نوین در معماری و شهرسازی، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه فلسفه، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، مرکز تحقیقات افق-های نوین در معماری و شهرسازی، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران
4 استادیار گروه فلسفه، واحد میمه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میمه، ایران
چکیده
مکان بنیادیترین مفهوم در معماری و شناخت ماهیت مکان از ضروریات امر طراحی معماری است و از آنجاکه طی دوره مدرن با تغییراتی در فهم معنای مکان مواجهیم و این تغییرات بر طراحیهای دوران مدرن و پس از آن، تأثیرات عمیق و گاه ناخوشایندی گذارده بهشکلیکه معماری، وظیفه اصلی خود یعنی ساخت مکان زندگی آدمی بهنحو اصیل و پاسخگویی به وجه سکنیگزیدن آدمی را تا حدود زیادی فروگذاشته است، لذا در این پژوهش سعی بر آن شده تا با شناخت مفاهیم مکان در یونان باستان(خاستگاه تفکرات غربی بعدی بهویژه تفکر مدرن) تا عصر مدرن و یافتن ریشههای تحوّل ماهیت و تطوّر معنای آن، به این پرسشها پاسخ دهیم که مفهوم مکان نزد متفکران باستان و نیز علل تغییر فهم مکان در عصر مدرن چه بودهاست و این دگرگونی، چه تأثیری بر فهم مکان در معماری عصر مدرن گذاردهاست. از یافتههای این پژوهش دگرگونی معنایی عظیم مکان در عصر مدرن و جایگزینی آن با مفهوم فضا در معماری مدرن است که حاصل توجه عمده به ویژگی امتدادداری مکان، ظهور کارکردگرایی در افول مکان به مفهوم سایت و نگاه به مکان به عنوان کالا میباشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
An Analysis of the Ontological Foundations of the Opposition of Place and Space in Modern Architecture
نویسندگان [English]
- Flora Biabani 1
- Mohammad Javad Safian 2
- Shirin Toghyani 3
- Mina Sadat Tabatabaei 4
1 PhD Candidate of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Advancement in Architecture & Urban Planning Research Center, NajafAbad branch, Islamic Azad University, NajafAbad, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Urban, Advancement in Architecture & Urban Planning Research Center, NajafAbad branch, Islamic Azad University, NajafAbad, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Maymeh branch, Islamic Azad University, Maymeh, Iran
چکیده [English]
Place is the most fundamental concept in architecture and is a necessity of architectural design, and since we face changes in our understanding of place notion in the modern era which have had distinctly profound and sometimes unpleasant effects on modern and subsequent designs- in a way that architecture has largely neglected its primary task of making the noble place of human life, and its responsibility in human dwelling dimension- in order to find the roots of the evolution in place nature and its meaning, we will answer these two question: what the concept of place has been for ancient thinkers? What have been the reasons for changing the understanding of place in the modern era? How these changes have affected the understanding of place in modern architecture? and yet we will try to understand the concepts of place in ancient Greece (as the origin of western thoughts especially modern thinking) versus the modern, and finally the main findings of this study are the massive semantic transformation of place in modern age and its replacement by space in modern architecture design which mainly is the result of major attention paid to the extendedness of place, the emergence of functionalism in degradation of place, and the commercialization of place.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Place
- Space
- Modern Architecture
- Chôra
- Topos
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