نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی
نویسنده
دکترای فلسفه، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
در این مقاله به رابطة کلگرایی کواین و مسائل هستیشناختی پرداخته میشود. مسئله این است که تجربهگرایی در مقابل هویات مشاهده ناپذیر علمی چه موضعی میتوان اتخاذ کند. در ابتدا نقد کواین به راهحل کارناپ، یعنی جدا کردن پرسشهای خارج از نظریه از پرسشهای درونی نظریه بیان میشود. سپس مفهومِ تعهد هستی شناختیِ کواین بیان میشود که بیان میکند امکان مرزکشی قاطع میان پرسشهای بیرونی و درونی وجود ندارد، زیرا تمایز پیشین کارناپ میان صدقهای تحلیلی و ترکیبی به لحاظ معرفتشناختی قابل دفاع نیست. در ادامه با بیان تز «گنگ بودن ارجاع» و «معرفتشناسی طبیعیشده» نشان میدهیم که به ظاهر تعارضی میان آراء کواین وجود دارد. در نهایت نتیجه میگیریم حتی با پذیرش عدم تعارض، باز هم دفاع کواین از واقعگرایی از نقد مصون نیست.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Scientific Realism and Anti-realism in Quine’s Philosophy
نویسنده [English]
- Amir Hajizadeh
PhD in Philosophy, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
In this essay, we try to address a fundamental issue in the philosophy of science, namely the conflict between realism and antirealism in Quine's philosophy. There seems to be an inner tension in his views on the question of the reality of unobservable entities or reference of theoretical terms. In order to refute his seemingly inconsistent position, we first begin with the concept of ontological commitment, which he formulated in contrast to the position of his teacher, Carnap. In the following, by expressing the thesis of "the inscrutability of reference" and "naturalized epistemology", we show that there seems to be a conflict between Quine's views. In the end, even with the acceptance of non-conflict, Quine's defense of realism is still not immune to criticism.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Carnap
- Quine
- Ontology
- Ontological Commitment
- Inscrutability of Reference
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