نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار فرهنگستان هنر، تهران، ایران
چکیده
The relationship between an independent scientific discipline called psychology with phenomenology that presents the methodology and method together is an excuse for investigating the relationship between Husserl and Brentano’s thoughts. Although their relationship is come from different sources, according to Husserl’s main problem, end, and concern in confronting psychology, a researcher can find a good issue for research. Psychology and phenomenology bond together in favor of philosophy and seek a different intuition. Husserl keeps a type of psychology and uses it to achieve a philosophical attitude. The difference between Husserl and Brentano is both thematic and methodological, and of course, we can refer to the understanding of others and empathy that reduces the subjective aspect of the experience in Husserl’s phenomenology. Husserl goes to descriptive psychology with criticizing Brentano’s opinion about inner perception and also he criticizes Brentano's psychological reality that is the only appearance for him. Husserl’s attempt for modifying descriptive psychology makes to provides practical and functional solutions for contemporary psychologists. Of course, he does not forget the distinctions between psychology and phenomenology in terms of issue and method but especially holds them together. The brief article wants to follow the relationship between psychology and phenomenology from its origin (Husserl’s phenomenology) to achieve this purpose, the data of research have been collected through the library method and internet search then they are described and analyzed to reveal the concomitance of psychology and phenomenology. They must come together in the interpretation of the word description.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Relationship between Psychology and Phenomenology: an analysis based on Husserl’s views
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Bakhtiarian 1
- Fatemeh Benvidi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor Academy of Arts, Tehran. Iran
چکیده [English]
The relationship between an independent scientific discipline called psychology with phenomenology that presents the methodology and method together is an excuse for investigating the relationship between Husserl and Brentano’s thoughts. Although their relationship is come from different sources, according to Husserl’s main problem, end, and concern in confronting psychology, a researcher can find a good issue for research. Psychology and phenomenology bond together in favor of philosophy and seek a different intuition. Husserl keeps a type of psychology and uses it to achieve a philosophical attitude. The difference between Husserl and Brentano is both thematic and methodological, and of course, we can refer to the understanding of others and empathy that reduces the subjective aspect of the experience in Husserl’s phenomenology. Husserl goes to descriptive psychology with criticizing Brentano’s opinion about inner perception and also he criticizes Brentano's psychological reality that is the only appearance for him. Husserl’s attempt for modifying descriptive psychology makes to provides practical and functional solutions for contemporary psychologists. Of course, he does not forget the distinctions between psychology and phenomenology in terms of issue and method but especially holds them together. The brief article wants to follow the relationship between psychology and phenomenology from its origin (Husserl’s phenomenology) to achieve this purpose, the data of research have been collected through the library method and internet search then they are described and analyzed to reveal the concomitance of psychology and phenomenology. They must come together in the interpretation of the word description.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- psychology
- phenomenology
- descriptive psychology
- Husserl
- Brentano
- Brentano, Franz (1973). Psychology from Empirical Standpoint, Translation by Antos C. Rancurello, D. B. Terrel and Linda L. McAlister, London and New York, Routledge.
- Brentano, Franz (1995) Descriptive psychology, trans. Benito Muller, London; Rutledge.
- Drummond, John, J. (1975). “Husserl on the ways to the Performance of the Reduction”, Vol.8, Continental Philosophy Review.
- Gurwitsch, Aron (2009). The Collected Works of Aron Gurwitsch; Studies in Phenomenology and Psychology, II, Edition by Fred Kersten, Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York, Springer.
- Husserl, Edmond (1970a). Logical Investigations, Translation by J. N. Findlay, Vol. I, London and New York, Routledge.
- Husserl, Edmund (1928). “Phenomenological Psychology”, Encyclopedia Britannica Article, Collected Works, Vol.6, Translation by Christoper V. Salmon, Editor: Rudolf Bernet, Dordrecht, Boston, London, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Husserl, Edmund (2006). The Basic Problems of Phenomenology, Collected Works by Rudolf Bernet, Vol. III, Translation by Ingi Farin and James G. Hart, Springer
- Husserl, Edmund (1964). The Idea of Phenomenology, Collected Works, Vol. VIII, Translation and Introduction by Lee Hardy, Edition by Rudolf Bernet, ( A Translation of Husserliana II), Dordrecht, Boston, London, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Husserl, Edmund (1970b). The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, trans. D. Carr, Evanston: Northwestern University Press.
- Husserl, Edmund (1983), Ideas pertaining to a pure phenomenology and a phenomenological philosophy-First Book: General introduction to a pure phenomenology, Kersten, Martin Nijhoff publishers, Netherlands
- Jenningns, J. L. (1986). Husserl Revisited: the Forgotten Distinction between Psychology and Phenomenology”, American Psychologist, Vol.43, No. 11, PP. 1231-1240.
- Luhmann, Niklas (1990). The Autopoiesis of Social Systems, essays on Self-reference, Columbia University, New York.
- McDonnell, Cyril (2011). “Husserl’s Critique of Brentano’s Doctrine of Inner Perception and its Significance for Understanding Husserl’s Method in Phenomenology”, Maynooth Philosophical Papers, (6). PP. 74-111.
- Natanson, M. (1973). Edmund Husserl: Philosopher of Infinite Tasks, Evanston, IL, Northwestern University Press.
- Pinotti, Andrea (2010). “Empathy”, Hand Book of Phenomenological Aesthetics, Contributions to Phenomenology, Vol. 59, Edited by Hass Reiner Sepp & Lester Embree, Springer, PP. 93-97.
- Rollinger, Robin (2004). “Brentano and Husserl”, The Cambridge Companion to Brentano, Edited by Dale Jacqette, Cambridge University Press, PP. 255-277.
- Spiegelberg, Herbert (1965). The Phenomenological Movement: A Historical Introduction, Volume 1, The Hague, Martinus Nijhuff.
- Synder, D. (1988). Comment on Jennings. American Psychologist, Vol. 43, PP. 403-404.
- Titchener, E.B (1921). “Brentano and Wundt: Empirical and experimental psychology”. American Journal of Psychology, 32: PP.108-120.
- Willems, Klaas (2012). “Intuition, Introspection and Observation in linguistic inquiry”. Language Sciences, Vol. 34, No. 2, PP. 665-681.
- Zahavi, Dan (2001). Husserl and Transcendental Intersubjectivity: A Response to the Linguistic-Pragmatic Critique,Translation by Elizabeth A. Behnke, Ohio University Press.
https://plato.stanford.edu. First published Wed Mar 21, 2007; substantive revision Thu Feb 27, 2020
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