نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار فلسفه علم و فناوری، گروه آموزش فیزیک، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
هدف از این مقاله صورت‌بندی رهیافت‌های فلسفی هایزنبرگ در خلال شکل گیری مکانیک کوانتومی با تعبیرکپنهاگی است. پرسش اصلی مقاله این است که آیا می‌توان رهیافت‌هایی فلسفی را در فرآیند شکل گیری مکانیک‌کوانتومی در آثار هایزنبرگ صورت‌بندی نمود؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش، دو مقاله کلیدی و مهم هایزنبرگ(1925و 1927) بررسی می‌شوند. روش پژوهش در این مقاله براساس تحلیل محتوای متن مقالات هایزنبرگ است که در واقع به جای فیزیکدان‌محوری از روش متن(فیزیک) محوری بهره گرفته شده است. پس از تحلیل و بررسی مقالات، برخی اصول و آموزه‌های مفهومی استنباط و از خلال آن‌ها رهیافت‌هایی فلسفی صورت‌بندی شده‌اند. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که از مقاله 1925 هایزنبرگ سه اصل اساسی مشاهده‌پذیری، همخوانی و مماثلت نقش کلیدی در شکل گیری بنیان‌های مکانیک ماتریسی دارند و همچنین آموزه‌هایی از قبیل فهم و رابطه کلاسیک-کوانتوم، نقش تجربه و اندازه‌گیری، موضوع علیت و واقعیت در مقاله 1927 وی مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. در نهایت این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که از خلال این آثار هایزنبرگ، چهار رهیافت کلی تجربه‌گرایی، وحدت‌گرایی، ضدعلیتی و ضدموجبیتی و نیز ضدواقع‌گرایانه قابل صورت‌بندی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Heisenberg's Philosophical Approaches in the Development of Quantum Mechanics with the Copenhagen Interpretation
نویسنده [English]
- Seyyed Hedayat Sajadi
Assistant Professor of Philosophy of Science and Technology, Department of Physics Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Heisenberg is one of the founders of quantum mechanics, and one of the pioneers and intellectual leaders of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. He proposed in two seminal papers in 1925 and 1927, the fundamentals of matrix mechanics (1925) as the first formalism of quantum mechanics, and then the uncertainty relations (1927) as one of the essential components of the Copenhagen interpretation. The purpose of this paper is to formulate Heisenberg's philosophical approaches during the formation of quantum mechanics and its Copenhagen interpretation. The main question of the paper is whether philosophical approaches can be formulated in the development of quantum mechanics through Heisenberg's works? To answer this question, two seminal papers by Heisenberg (1925 and 1927) are examined. The research method of the paper is based on the content analysis of the text (physics) of Heisenberg's papers. The findings of this study show that three crucial principles - observability, correspondence, and analogy-can be formulated from Heisenberg's 1925 paper, which has played a key role in the formation of the fundamentals of matrix mechanics. Moreover, from his 1927 paper, some issues are addressed including interpretation, understanding and classical-quantum relation, the role of experience and measurement, the subject of causality, as well as reality. Finally, it is concluded that through these works of Heisenberg, four philosophical approaches can be formulated including empiricism, Unificationism, indeterminism, and anti-causality, as well as anti-realism, which themselves include other sub-approaches.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Heisenberg
- Quantum Mechanics
- Copenhagen Interpretation
- philosophical Approaches
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