مجله پژوهش های فلسفی

Journal of Philosophical Investigations

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زمان هایدگری در نمایشنامۀ «در انتظار گودو»

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه فلسفه، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه هنر، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، ,واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

4 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران.

چکیده

مسئلۀ زمان همواره در طول تاریخ یکی از بزرگ‌ترین سؤالات فیلسوفان و دانشمندان حوزۀ فیزیک بوده است. بدون شک هر تفکر فلسفی به اشکال مختلف در آثار ادبی و هنری نمود پیدا می‌کند و در این میان نویسندگان و هنرمندانی هستند که فلسفه را بن‌مایۀ آثار خود قرار می‌دهند. ساموئل بکت یکی از نویسندگان مؤثر در شکل‌گیری جریان فکری تئاتر ابزورد است که ریشه در فلسفه دارد. این مقاله سعی در بررسی و بیان مسئلۀ زمان در نمایشنامه در انتظار گودو با استفاده از نظریات مارتین هایدگر دارد. بر همین اساس در ابتدای سخن، تعریف و توصیف «زمان» از گذشته تا کنون بررسی شده و سپس دیدگاه هایدگر در باب زمان و تفاوت نگرش وی با فیلسوفان دیگر مورد مداقه قرار گرفته است. در ادامه با بررسی اجمالی مفهوم انتظار به رابطۀ آن با مسئلۀ زمان در نمایشنامۀ در انتظار گودو پرداخت شده و همخوانی‌های آن با نظر هایدگر بیان شده است. در نتیجه‌گیری مقاله، مسئلۀ اصلی مقاله که مسئلۀ مهم زمان در نمایش در انتظار گودو که به انتظاری ممتد انجامیده است به کمک زمان هایدگری تأویل و تفسیر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Heidegger's Time in the Play "Waiting for Godot"

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoud Soufiani 1
  • Hossein Asl Abdollahi 2
  • Mohammad Farahmand 3
  • Ebrahim Danesh 4

1 Assistant Professor of Philosophy Department, University of Tabriz, Iran

2 Ph.D. Candidate of Philosophy of Art, Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Litrature Department, Ardabil branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

4 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Litrature Department, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Iran

چکیده [English]

The question of time has always been one of the greatest questions of philosophers and physicists throughout history. Undoubtedly, every philosophical thought is manifested in different forms in literary and artistic works, and among them there are writers and artists who use philosophy as the basis of their works. Samuel Beckett is one of the most influential writers in shaping the school of thought of Absurd Theater, which has its roots in philosophy. This article purports to examine and express the issue of time in the play Waiting for Godot using the ideas of Martin Heidegger. Martin Heidegger looks at the question of "time" from an ontological point of view and in his divisions, he considers "time" in both original and non-original forms for Dasein (existence). As in the play Waiting for Godot, the most important action of the play "the issue of time" is the characters' conflict in the form of two Dasein. Thus, according to Heidegger's definition of the original and non-original "time" with which Dasein is involved in life, "time" was examined as the most important element in the play Waiting for Godot. To achieve this analysis, it was first necessary to provide an exhaustive definition of "time" in the philosophical thought of Heidegger and the philosophers before him, and then by examining the issue of wait and its meaning in Heidegger's "time", the play Waiting for Godot and the characters' continuous wait were interpreted. Analytical research has been used in this study and by examining Heidegger's thoughts and Samuel Beckett's the play Waiting for Godot, and using descriptive-analytical method, it has been tried to find the common ground between Beckett's thought on writing and performing the scenes of this play and Heidegger's philosophical thoughts to shed new light on its analysis and conducting.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • time
  • wait
  • waiting for Godot
  • Beckett
  • Heidegger
  • existence
  • Dasein
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