مجله پژوهش های فلسفی

Journal of Philosophical Investigations

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کمال آدمی و ارتباط آن با تعریف انسان از منظر ملاصدرا

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

استاد فلسفه اسلامی -گروه فلسفه، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران

چکیده

در فرهنگ اسلامی تعاریف گوناگونی از انسان بیان شده است؛ مانند: جوهر جسمانی دارای تکلیف، حیوان ناطق، روح مجرد، حیوان عاشق و حیّ متأله؛ اما ملاصدرا بر مبنای حرکت جوهری انسان را به «وجودی ثابت و سیّال» تعریف کرده است و بر اساس این تعریف، ارزش متعالی برای آدمی را «حرکت دائمی به سوی کمال مطلق» می­داند. تعبیر دیگر صدرایی از کمال آدمی رسیدن به «مقام فوق تجرد» است که با رسیدن به این مقام، آدمی می­تواند به عالم قدس و رضوان خداوند بار یابد و حتی از مقام فرشتگان فراتر رود. به باور وی منشأ این کرامت در انسان، ضعفِ آدمی و کثرت آفات و امراض است که در آیات قرآن بدان اشاره شده است. مخلوقی که در آغاز خلقت بدین‌گونه نباشد، کمالی را در خود تصور می‌کند؛ ازاین‌رو حالت انتظار برای رسیدن به کمال در او وجود نخواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Perfection of Humanity and Its Realationship with Definition of Humanity from Mulla Sadra's Point of View

نویسنده [English]

  • Morteza Shajari

Professor of Islamic Philosophy -Department, of philosophy at University of Tabriz, -Iran

چکیده [English]

Various definitions of humanity have been expressed in Islamic culture; Such as a physical substance with a duty, a talking animal, a single soul, an animal in love, and a living being; However, Mulla Sadra has defined man as a "fixed and fluid being" based on the essential movement, and based on this definition, he considers the supreme value for a person to be "permanent movement towards absolute perfection". Sadra's other interpretation of the perfection of a person is to reach the "super celibate position" that by reaching this position, a person can enter the holy world and God's pleasure and even surpass the position of angels. According to him, the origin of this dignity in man is the weakness of man and the abundance of pests and diseases that are mentioned in the verses of the Quran. A creature that is not like this at the beginning of creation imagines perfection in itself; therefore, there will be no waiting for him to reach perfection. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • definition of humanity
  • constant movement
  • celibacy
  • divine heaven
  • seeing God
مراجع
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مجله پژوهش های فلسفی
دوره 17، شماره 44 - شماره پیاپی 44
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شماره 44 (پاییز 1402)
آذر 1402
صفحه 390-408
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