Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حکمت متعالیه، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران

2 استادیار گروه فلسفه، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه فلسفه، مؤسسه پژوهشی حکمت و فلسفه، ایران.

چکیده

در آثار ملاصدرا دو نظر دربارۀ مابه‌ازای معقول‌های ثانی فلسفی آمده است. طبق نظر اول، معقول‌های ثانی فلسفی مابه‌ازای خارجی ندارند، بلکه صرفاً منشأ انتزاع دارند. طبق نظر دوم که آن را نظر نهایی ملاصدرا می‌دانند، این مفاهیم دارای مابه‌ازای خارجی هستند و مابه‌ازای آن‌ها در خارج به عین وجود موضوع یا موصوفشان موجود است. بر این نظریه چند اشکال وارد است: یکم. دلیل ملاصدرا بر اثبات وجود خارجی مابه‌ازای این مفاهیم، مصادره به مطلوب و در نتیجه نامعتبر است. دلیلی هم که طباطبایی در حاشیۀ دلیل ملاصدرا آورده است، قابل قبول نیست؛ زیرا پیش فرضی دارد که منکرِ صدق نتیجه، به طریق اولی آن را نادرست می‌داند. دوم. این نحوه از وجود آن مابه‌ازا با قول به عدم آن و صرف وجود منشأ انتزاع تفاوت واقعی ندارد. سوم. روشن نیست که تفاوت مفاهیم ماهوی با مفاهیم فلسفی در چیست که به موجب آن مفاهیم ماهوی مابه‌ازای مستقل دارند، ولی مفاهیم فلسفی مابه‌ازای مستقل ندارند. در این پژوهش از روش تحقیق کتابخانه‌ای و تحلیل عقلی استفاده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mullā Ṣadrā on the Reference of Philosophical Secondary Intelligibles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tayyebeh RezaeiRah 1
  • Bahram Alizadeh 2
  • Mahmoud YousofSani 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate of Philosophy, Kharazmi University, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Philosophy Department, Kharazmi University, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Philosophy Department, Iranian Institute of Philosophy, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Mullā Ṣadrā offers two different views regarding the references of the philosophical secondary intelligibles. According to the first view, philosophical secondary intelligibles only have external foundations for abstraction (mansha al-intizāʿ) and no external counterparts (mā bi iza ͗). And according to the second view, also known as Mullā Ṣadrā’s final view, these concepts have external counterparts which exist with the very existence of their subjects. This view faces some problems: First, Mullā Ṣadrā’s reason for the existence of these concepts’ external counterparts begs the question and is therefore invalid. The argument Ṭabāṭabāʾī offers in his commentary on Mullā Ṣadrā’s argument is also flawed since it presupposes a point that is more difficult to accept than the conclusion and so would naturally be rejected by the other side. Second, the purported counterpart’s mode of existence is not clear. Third, it is not clear by virtue of what difference between quidditative and philosophical concepts the former but not the latter have independent counterparts. The method employed in this paper is library research and rational analysis.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • philosophical secondary intelligibles
  • Mullā Ṣadrā
  • concrete attributes
  • abstract attributes
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