مجله پژوهش های فلسفی

Journal of Philosophical Investigations

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تحولات علم بر مبنای سه سیر فلسفی؛ نگاه ماهوی، اصالت وجود وحدت تشکیکی و وحدت شخصی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه فلسفه و کلام، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران

چکیده

ملاصدرا سه سیر فلسفی اصالت ماهیت (یا مبنای قوم) اصالت وجود وحدت تشکیکی و اصالت وجود وحدت شخصی را تجربه کرده‌است؛ این سه سیر چون حکمِ اصل و محورِ مباحثِ حکمت متعالیه را دارد به تحول در فروع و نتایج می­انجامد؛ به دلیلِ ارتباطِ نظام‌وار مطالب، در مساله­ی حقیقتِ علم و موضوعاتِ مختلفِ مرتبط با آن نیز می­بایست تحولاتی روی دهد که با سه مرتبه­ یاد شده تناسب داشته باشد؛ بنابر سیرِ اول علم از مقوله عرض و در نتیجه امر ماهوی است حال آن­که به اقتضای مرتبه دوم و سوم علم مساوق با وجود است؛ این تحول به تحول در فروع و لازمه­های بسیاری می­انجامد و تفاوت­های بنیادینی را رقم می­زند. مباحثِ سیر اول بیشتر متاثر از نگاهِ غیرِ وجودی به حقایق مرتبط با مبحث علم است که در فلسفه­ ماقبل صدرایی با عنوان مبنای قوم از آن یاد شده‌است؛ در این مقاله به اقتضا مقام و فرصت به چند موضوع مقدماتیِ مهم می­پردازیم که عبارتند از: جایگاه بحث، امر ماهوی یا وجودی بودن علم، ماهیت یا مفهوم بودنِ علم، تعریف علم، اشترکِ لفظی یا معنوی بودنِ علم، متواطی یا مشکک بودنِ علم و نوعِ اضافه­ مطرح در علم بر مبنای سه سیر فلسفی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Evolutions of Science According to the Three Philosophical Journeys; the originality of nature, the originality of existence of gradational oneness and the originality of existence of personal oneness

نویسنده [English]

  • Ali Babaei

Associate Professor of Islamic Philosophy and Theology Department, University of Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Mulla Sadra has experienced three philosophical journeys: the originality of nature, the originality of existence of gradational oneness and the originality of existence of personal oneness. These three journeys are the main principles of Transcendent Theosophy, and any kind of evolution in them leads to evolutions in minor issues. Due to the systematic connection of the issues, in the issue of the reality of science and various issues related to it, there should be evolutions that are proportional to the three mentioned journeys. According to the first journey of science, the science is from the category of accident and as a result, it is an essential affair, while according to the requirements of the second and third journey, the science has coexistence with existence. This transformation leads to transformation in many minor issues and creates fundamental differences. The issues of the first journey are more influenced by the non-existential view of the realities related to the subject of science, which is referred to as the foundation of qảvm in pre-Sadrai philosophy. In this article, due to the position and opportunity, we will address and analyze some important preliminary issues, which include: the position of discussion, the essential or existential nature of science, being nature or concept of science, the definition of science, the equivocality of names or commonality of meaning of science, being contiguous or analogous of science and the type of attribution proposed in science based on three philosophical journeys.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Science
  • Three Philosophical Journeys
  • The Originality of Nature
  • the Originality of Existence of Gradational Oneness and the Originality of Existence of Personal Oneness
  • Mulla Sadra
  • Islamic Philosophy
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مجله پژوهش های فلسفی
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