Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه فلسفه، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه فلسفه، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، ایران

چکیده

هیدگر با فهم وجود انسان به مثابۀ دازاین، یعنی موجودی که طرح وجود خود را افکنده و خود را زمان­مندانه بار می‌­آورد، موفق می­‌شود تا ازخود- تعینیِ نابازنمودی سخن بگوید. منظور از خود-تعینیِ بازنمودی مجموعه‌­ای از قواعد و ضوابط است که به مثابۀ یک اپیستمه، هنجاریت و مأنوسیت ویژه­ای را پیشاپیش برای تعینِ فاعل انسانی تحمیل می‌­کنند. از نظر هیدگر دازاین موجودی است که با ساحتِ خودیتِ خنثای خود نسبتی ذاتی دارد و چون این ساحتِ خودیت بالذات آینده‌سو است برای همین دازاین موجودی است که با رخ­دادن از  آینده، به طور ساختاری نه تنها خود-تعین است بلکه این خود- تعینی، خود- دگرگون کننده بوده و دربرابر تصاویر ثابت یا تحمیل­‌های بیرونی برای یک شکل زندگی عمومی  مقاومت می­کند؛ اما به نظر چنین می­‌رسد که این تنها هدف یا غایت هیدگر بوده و پروژة او در هستی و زمان به قسمی از استعلاگرایی دچار می­شود. نتیجه این ابتلا تا میزان زیادی فهمی از اخلاق به مثابۀ اخلاق در-جهان-بودن یا همان خود-تعینی را قرین فهمِ خودتعینیِ صوری کانتی می­‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Authenticity as Eudaimonia: Self-determination, Self-transformation and Anxiety in Heidegger's Being and Time

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Kalbasi Ashtari 1
  • Mehrdad Ahmadi 2

1 Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Allameh Tabataba'i, Iran

2 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Philosophy, University of Allameh Tabataba'i, Iran

چکیده [English]

For Heidegger Dasein as thrown projecting temporalize it's own being. Selfhood Dasein existing against is neutral to any apriori determination and as such it is ungraspable for any representation to assume an ideal self. On the other hand Dasein as disclosing is opened to future and through this openness it is the site of pure difference. For Heidegger the essential openness to difference is as primordial as occurring from the horizon of future and for the sake of itself. This existential for the sake of as the constitution of every average goal made possible by the fact that Dasein in its being is delivered to itself and there is no representational normativity to guarantee the life as a whole. Due to this the basic determination of an authentic self is being in accordance with the logic of neutral self namely difference. We will put it in the article self-transformation and argue that this basic determination of authenticity is made possible through being anxiety for being-in-the-world as such. This is what we will call Eudaimonia. We call the way of relating to the world through anxiety, Dasein's eudaimonia, and consider it the basis of selfhood. Selfhood as eudaimonia requires Dasein to acquire its inherent power for its self-transformation and align with the logic of its inherent realm, which is the place of absolute emergence of the difference of existence from beings. This conformity is the relation of the self to the realm of the self or the being-there of self.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • self-determination
  • self-transformation
  • anxiety
  • freedom
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