Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Assistant Prof. Mohaghegh Ardebili University, Iran. Ardebil
Abstract
There are many trinities in Islamic philosophical, mystical, and religious sources on various topics; these trinities can be divided into three general categories, including: "God's Affairs", " Universe" and "human faculties".
The most important trinities of God's Affairs are the trinity of "Essences, Attributes and Acts" which is the basis of all mystical teachings and trinities that have been raised in Islamic mysticism. In the case of the universe, the three degrees of "kingdom (Molk), Dominion (Malakoot) and Archangelic world (Jabaroot)" can be noted. These three mystical interpretations are, respectively, in the philosophical term "matter, imagine and intellect," and in the religious interpretation "material world, inter-world and ultimate world." According to the hierarchy of the universe, a very important three-fold hierarchy of time, namely, "Time (Zaman), Aeon (Dahr), eternity (Sarmad)," is raised; but in the case of human faculties, the hierarchy of "senses, imagination, and intellect" is the most central trinities. And so in the sub-themes, there are other important trinities, based on the main points mentioned above. Now, the central question in this article is why the emphasis here is on the 'trinities'? And what relation can the trinity hierarchy have to a degree less or more? Is there a logical connection to the hierarchy mentioned in this article? Or can we put any of the trinities beside the hierarchy? The answer to all of these questions lies in the principle of Gradation (Tashkik) in Islamic philosophy; therefore, each branch of the above-mentioned trinities is three degrees of the same truth and has a long relationship with each other's; and in fact they all are one thing with several degrees. The end result of these discussions is the possibility of achieving unity in plurality.
Highlights
Introductıon
There are many trinities in Islamic wisdom and knowledge that draw on a particular semantic line in various respects and emphasize the existence of a semantic order; So that one can find a logical connection between them. The above-mentioned trinities have the most important and fundamental theme of Islamic acknowledge, "God, man, and the world" in different ways.
For the sake of brevity, we discuss only a few of the trinities related to the three themes of "God, Man, and the Universe," and let us briefly refer to the other triplets; the purpose of the "trilogy" project is primarily to show that there are trinities with logical relevance in different areas of Islamic knowledge; And then let's ask: What is the logical relationship between them and what are the implications of this relationship?
Method
I used, in this study, descriptive analyses that are used by theoretical research groups.
Findings and Argument:
- According to this article, there is a longitudinal relationship between all three branches of this article. Some triplets have a bottom-up direction and some a top-down direction, that is, some are projected in the descending arc of being and knowledge, and some are in the ascending arc.
- Each of the triplets is one truth with three degrees; in other words, the trinities are three degrees of one truth.
- Finally, all the trinities mentioned in this article can be reduced to three general headings, "God, Man, and the Universe." These three eventually go back to God's "acts, attributes, and essence."
Conclusion:
Without any doubt, the above-mentioned trinities are the backbone of philosophical, wisdom, mystical, and religious debates in the Islamic world; and from this point of view, the unity of "being" of knowledge can be projected and defended with it's plurality of "manifestation".
Keywords
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