Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Assistant Professor at Turkish German University -Turkey
Abstract
Based on Aristotelianism, philosophies in Islam, Christianity, Judaism, and traditional phenomenology, Martin Heidegger and late Max Scheler, shared a conceptual understanding of the soul. The plant’s soul – a worldly stage of the individualization of universal creativity - unfolds via the animal towards the human and beyond. The Phenomenology of Life philosophy (Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka) enmeshed the ontopoiesis of the vegetative beingness into the unity-of-everything-there-is-alive, thereby overcoming the discommunicative hierarchization of the soul. An eco-cosmological following of „the plant’s“ ontopoiesis will have to base its understanding not only on the communicative creativity of „the plant“ but on its inseparable interwovenness into the web of life, thereby also taking into consideration newest botanical studies which brought to light insights into so far unknown „intelligence“ of plants.
Keywords
- Aristoteles (2015), Über die Seele. 2nd ed. Translated to German and edited by Gernot Krapinger. Phillipp Reclam.
- Averroes (2010): Die entscheidende Abhandlung. Die Untersuchungen über Methoden und Beweise. Aus dem Arabischen übersetzt und herausgegeben von Patric O. Schärer, Philipp Reclam.
- Avicenna (1952): Kitāb Al-Najāt. Avicenna’s Psychology. Book II, Chapter VI. Translated by F. Rahman, Oxford U Press.
- Bīrūnī (1989): Al-Beruni’s Book on Mineralogy Baloch, N.A. & Said, M. Hakim (Eds.). Pakistan Hijra Council.
- Bazzana, André (Ed.) (2005): Averroès et l’averroïsme (XIIe–XVe siècle). Un itinéraire historique du Haut Atlas à Paris et à Padoue. Actes du colloque international organisé à Lyon, les 4 et 5 octobre 1999. Presses Universitaires de Lyon.
- Bloch, Ernst (1952): Avicenna und die aristotelische Linke. Rütten und Loening.
- Brethren of Purity (2015): Sciences of the Soul and Intellect, Part I, An Arabic Critical Edition and English Translation of EPISTELES 32-36. Translated and edited by Paul E. Walker et al., Oxford U Press.
- Dempf, Alois (1986): Metaphysik. Versuch einer problemgeschichtlichen Synthese. Königshausen und Neumann.
- Donkin, Robert A. (1998): Pearls and Pearl Fishing Origins to the Age of Discoveries. American Philosophical Society.
- Egerton, Frank N. (2012): Roots of Ecology. Antiquity to Haeckel. U California Press.
- Gibson, Prudence, Britts, Bayley (Eds.) (2018): Vegetal Consciousness and Agency in an Anthropocentric World. Brainstorm Books.
- Heidegger, Maritn (1915/1978): Duns‘ Scotus Theory of Categories and its Meaning. Translated and introduced by Robins, Harold J. University Microfilms International, De Paul University.
- Heidegger, Martin (1912-1916/1978). Gesammtausgabe, Band 1. Veröffentlichte Schriften 1914 – 1970. Frühe Schriften. Vittorio Klostermann.
- Heidegger, Martin (1927/1967): Sein und Zeit. Max Niemeyer Verlag.
- Heidegger, Martin (1927/1996): Time and Being. Translated by Joan Stambaugh. State of New York University Press.
- Heidegger, Martin (1998): Gesamtausgabe. III. Abteilung: Unveröffentlichte Vorträge, Abhandlungen, Gedachtes. Band 69, Geschichte des Seyns. Vittorio Klostermann.
- Heidegger, Martin (2012): Gesamtausgabe. VI. Abteilung: Hinweise und Aufzeichnungen. Band 83, Seminare: Platon – Aristoteles – Augustinus. Vittorio Klostermann.
- Heidegger, Martin (2006): Gesamtausgabe. II. Abteilung: Vorlesungen von 1914-1944, Band 23. Geschichte der Philosophie von Thomas von Aquin bis Kant. Frankfurt a.M.: Vittorio Klostermann.
- Kallis, Anastasios (1978): Der Mensch im Kosmos. Das Weltbild des Nemesios’ von Emesa. Aschendorf.
- Khamenei, Sayyid Muhammad (2003): “Phenomenology of Soul in Mulla Sadrā’s School”. The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming. pp. 17-28. Edited by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka. Kluwer Academic.
- McKirahan, Richard D. (2010): Philosophy before Socrates. An Introduction with Texts and Commentaries. Hackett Publishing.
- Mancuso, Stefano, Viola, Alessandra (2015): Brilliant Green: The Surprising History and Science of Plant Intelligence. Islandpress.
- Mancuso, Stefano, Viola, Alessandra (2015): Die Intellligenz der Pflanzen. Kunstmann.
- Ley, Hermann (1957): Studien zur Geschichte des Materialismus im Mittelalter. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften.
- Pillay, Suren/Fernandez, Carlos. “Regarding Marxism and Islam in Africa”. Souleymane Bachir Diagne in an interview with Suren Pillay/Carlos Fernandez. Africa is a Country. 8th Feb. 2017. africasacountry.com/2017/02/regarding-marxism-and-islam-in-africa/. Accessed 11 Feb. 2019.
- Plotin (1878): Die Enneaden des Plotin. Übersetzt von Hermann Friedrich Müller. Weidemannsche Buchhandlung.
- Renan, Ernst (1985): Averroès et l’Averroïsme. Reprinted and edited by Fuat Sezgin. Institut für die Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften.
- Russel, Bernard (1945/2009): History of Western Philosophy. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney: Simon & Schuster, Routledge.
- Scheler, Max (1927/1947). Die Stellung des Menschen im Kosmos. Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung.
- Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa (2008): Interview with Lars Petter Torjussen et al., 27th Aug. Bergen, Norway, www.phenomenology.org/images/Interview-A-T-Tymieniecka-27-August-2008.pdf, Accessed 8th Feb. 2020.
- ---, (2009): The Fullness of the Logos in the Key of Life, Book I. The Case of God in the New Enlightenment. Springer.
- ---, Editor (2003): The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming. Kluwer Academic.
- Wiebach-Koepke (2009). “The Growth of Plants in the Light of the Sun-God”. En Quête de la Lumière / In Quest of Light: Mélanges in Honorem Ashraf A. Sadek, Amanda Alice Maravelia, editor. British Archeological Reports, pp. 51-70.
- Woodward, Ben (2018): Continuous Green Abstraction. Embodied Knowledge, Intuition, and Metaphor. Covert Plant. Vegetal Consciousness and Agency in an Anthropocentric World, Gibson, Prudence & Brits, Baylee (Eds.). Brainstorm Books.
)
Send comment about this article