Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین و تفسیر رویکرد رجیو امیلیا بر اساس مفروضه­ها و باورهای اساسی فلسفه پست­مدرن انجام شد.
روش پژوهش: برای انجام پژوهش از روش تحلیلی- استنتاجی استفاده شد. حیطه پژوهش حاضر تمامی منابع نوشتاری ملی و بین­المللی در زمینه تعلیم و تربیت پست­مدرن و همچنین رویکرد رجیو امیلیا بود که از میان آنها با استفاده از روش نمونه­برداری هدفمند، معتبرترین منابع انتخاب شدند.
یافته‌ها: برای پاسخ به سوال پژوهش، اصول و ویژگی­های اساسی رویکرد رجیو امیلیا بر اساس چهار ویژگی محوری فلسفه پست­مدرن، مورد توصیف، تبیین و تفسیر قرار گرفت. ویژگی اول فلسفه پست­مدرن (انکار محوریت فاعل شناسا) بر اساس مفهوم «پروجِتِتْسیونه»، و توجه به معلم به­عنوان یک همراه، پرورش­دهنده و راهنما و نه یک دانای کل؛ ویژگی دوم فلسفه پست­مدرن (توجه به زبان) بر اساس ایده «صد زبان کودکان»؛ ویژگی سوم فلسفه پست­مدرن (نفی کلیت‌گرایی) بر اساس به­چالش کشیده شدن ایده قابل­انتقال بودن برنامه­درسی، توجه به شایستگی­های معناسازی کودکان، رد اندیشه یکسان­سازی و تفکر دوگانه، و مبتنی بودن بر آموزش و پرورش فراگیر و در نهایت، ویژگی چهارم فلسفه پست­مدرن (توجه به عنصر غیریت) بر اساس دو مفهوم «پداگوژی گوش دادن» و «مستندسازی پداگوژیک»، مورد تحلیل و تفسیر قرار گرفت.
نتیجه‌گیری: تقلید، یا کپی کردن رویکرد رجیو امیلیا نه ممکن است و نه مطلوب. با این حال، شناخت و تحلیل ویژگی­ها و ارزش‌های حاکم بر این رویکرد می­تواند درس‌های ارزشمندی برای بازسازی و اصلاح تعلیم و تربیت اوان کودکی کشورمان به­همراه داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reggio Emilia: a postmodern approach to early childhood education

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyyed Amir Ghasemtabar

Assistant Professor of Education Department, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The current research was conducted with the aim of explaining and interpreting the approach of Reggio Emilia based on the basic assumptions and beliefs of postmodern philosophy. Analytical-inferential method was used to conduct the research. The scope of the current research was all national and international written sources in the field of postmodern education and the Reggio Emilia approach, from which the most reliable sources were selected using a targeted sampling method. To answer the research question, the basic principles and features of Reggio Emilia's approach were described, explained and interpreted based on the four core features of postmodern philosophy. The first feature of postmodern philosophy (denying the centrality of the knowing agent) based on the concept of " progettazione", and paying attention to the teacher as a partner, nurturer and guide and not an omniscient; The second feature of postmodern philosophy (attention to language) based on the idea of "one hundred languages of children"; The third feature of postmodern philosophy (negation of totalitarianism) is based on challenging the idea of the transferability of the curriculum, paying attention to children's meaning-making skills, rejecting the idea of homogenization and dualistic thinking, and being based on inclusive education; And finally, the fourth characteristic of postmodern philosophy (paying attention to the element of otherness) was analyzed and interpreted based on the two concepts of "listening pedagogy" and "pedagogical documentation". Imitating or copying, Reggio Emilia's approach is neither possible nor desirable. However, knowing and analyzing the features and values governing this approach can bring valuable lessons for the reconstruction and reform of early childhood education in our country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reggio Emilia
  • loris Malaguzzi
  • early childhood education
  • postmodernism
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