Journal of Philosophical Investigations

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکتری فلسفه، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، ایران.

چکیده

رورتی مدعی است متافیزیک­دانان و عالمان دین با تفکیک حوزه عمومی(سیاست) از حوزه ‌خصوصی(دین) هم­رأی و متفق­القول­اند. درحالی­که متافیزیک­دانان درصدند این هدف را با کشف ذات عمومی و خصوصی دریابند، نظریه­پردازان تلاش می­کنند این کار را با اولویت­دهی عمومی به جای خصوصی و یا برعکس انجام دهند؛ اما رورتی با ایجاد خط انشقاقی بین حوزه­ خصوصی و حوزه­ عمومی مدعی است حوزه سیاست نیازی ندارد مبانی خود را از معیارهای فردی حوزه­ خصوصی که دین نیز بدان تعلق دارد کسب نماید. وی محوریت حقیقت با مشی معرفتی و دینی را از صحنه اندیشه برمی­دارد و به جای آن گفتگو (همبستگی با«ما»­های مختلف) را می­نشاند که در آن هیچ عضوی بنیادی­تر از دیگری نیست و هیچ عضوی مجاز به قضاوت در خصوص صلاحیت دیگری نیست. به زعم رورتی استدلال­های دینی به مثابه شناختی محدود، نگریسته می­شود که غیرقابل مذاکره است و به مثابه یک متوقف­کننده گفتگو عمل می­کند. اینجاست که دین نه تنها طریقی برای رد مرجعیت بقیه جهان می­شود بلکه همچون طریقی جهت انسداد اراده توافق بین انسان­ها عمل می­کند. فرض ما این است دیدگاه رورتی در مورد دین که مبتنی بر نظریه تقدم سیاست بر دین است با ایده‌آلش در باب جامعه­ای که هم نخبگان کثرت­گرایی دینی برایش اهمیت دارد و هم حفظ همبستگی سیاسی، متناقض است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Reflection on Rorty's Claim about Religion: religion as a conversation stopper

نویسنده [English]

  • Nabiollah Soleimani

Ph.D. of Philosophy, Imam Khomeini International University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Rorty claims that metaphysicians and religious scholars agree with the separation of the public sphere (politics) from the private sphere (religion). While metaphysicians try to find this goal by discovering the nature of public and private, theorists try to do this by prioritizing public instead of private or vice versa. But Rorty, by creating a dividing line between the private sphere and the public sphere, claims that the political sphere does not need to obtain its foundations from the individual criteria of the private sphere, to which religion also belongs. He removes the centrality of truth from the stage of thought with an epistemological and religious approach and replaces it with dialogue (correlation with different "us") in which no member is more fundamental than another and no member is allowed to Judgment is not about other competence. According to Rorty, religious arguments are viewed as limited knowledge, which is non-negotiable and acts as a dialogue stopper. This is where religion not only becomes a way to reject the authority of the rest of the world, but also acts as a way to block the will of agreement between people. Our assumption is that Rorty's view of religion, which is based on the theory of the primacy of politics over religion, is contradictory to her ideal of a society for which both religious pluralism elites are important and maintaining political solidarity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • private sphere
  • public sphere
  • dualism
  • stopping the conversation
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