A comparative Study of Aesthetics in Plato's Thought and Suhrawardi's Wisdom

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Candidate in Philosophy of Art, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Islamic Studies Department, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Philosophy of art Department, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic azad university, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract

Throughout history, philosophers have looked at existence with a new perspective and have been able to revolutionize the history of philosophy with their theories. Among these philosophers are Plato and Suhrvardi. Plato and Suhravardi each benefited from many sources to build their intellectual system and mentioned them in their works. The reason that the theories of these two philosophers have been presented in this research is the closeness of the theories in their thought. Platonic thought is one of the important sources of Sohrvardi in reaching his philosophical system and its traces can be clearly seen in Sohrvardi's works, however, he tried to deal with those thoughts according to his own thought system and with a philosophical perspective and even to undergo change and transformation to adapt to his beliefs. The question of this research is "what place does (aesthetics) have in Plato's thought and Sohrawardi's wisdom?" Is. In line with this importance, the commonalities and differences in the views of these two philosophers have been explained from the aspect of aesthetics, so that by comparing and distinguishing these ideas, we can examine the influence of an idea or its evolution over time. The method of the current research is descriptive-analytical, and the collection of information is done using the library method by taking samples from reference books, articles and authentic manuscripts. The results showed: Plato, in analyzing and expressing the truth of beauty, does not consider it to be proportion and harmony, adaptation to Greek culture, usefulness and pleasure; Rather, he considers beauty to be an extra-sensory and objective thing that the pursuit of beauty leads to, and such beauty is eternal, absolute and in itself, and it is the same idea and source of beauty that belongs to the world of similitude, and beautiful objects are equal to Their benefits are beautiful. According to Suhrvardi, beauty is interpreted as good, which refers to beauty and perfection, both of which are the same phenomenon, so whatever is at the end of perfection is beautiful. Also, beauty is an objective thing that corresponds to the outside world. Relationships such as lights, colors and different shapes (objective representations) become the source of understanding and expression of the feeling of beauty. Therefore, it can be concluded that from the point of view of Plato and Suhrawardi, beauty is the pleasure of perception and the attainment of perfection, which manifests through love and causes movement.

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References

 
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Journal of Philosophical Investigations
Volume 16, Issue 39 - Serial Number 39
Special Issue
Special Issue: Philosophy of Education (In Persian)
September 2022
Pages 383-394

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