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تعداد مقالات: 25
The Objectivity of Science
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 1-10
چکیده
The idea that science is objective, or able to achieve objectivity, is in large part responsible for the role that science plays within society. But what is objectivity? The idea of objectivity is ambiguous. This paper distinguishes between three basic forms of objectivity. The first form of objectivity is ontological objectivity: the world as it is in itself ... بیشتر
Fichte’s Role in Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit, Chapter 4
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 11-28
چکیده
In this paper I return to the familiar territory of the Lord-Bondsman "dialectic" in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit in order to raise the question of the relation of Hegel's use of the theme of recognition there to Fichte's. Fichte had introduced the notion of recognition in his Foundations of Natural Right, to "deduce" the social existence of humans within ... بیشتر
What a World! The Pluralistic Universe of Innocent Realism
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 29-35
چکیده
The method of metaphysics: Metaphysics is empirical but depends not, like the sciences, on recondite experience but on close attention to aspects of everyday experience we ordinarily scarcely notice. "Real" is a broader concept than "exists" (which applies only to particulars) and also applies to phenomena, kinds, and laws, which are real, but not, of course, ... بیشتر
Rewriting Heidegger
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 36-59
چکیده
Two traps currently ensnare Heideggerian scholarship: the “language trap” and the “being trap”. To avoid them, the text argues we should follow Heidegger’s important indication that movement (aka ex-sistential becoming or Zeit) determines all forms of meaning (aka the significance of things or Sein). This requires a radical rewriting ... بیشتر
Love, On the Univocity of Rawls’s Difference Principle
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 60-71
چکیده
A double ambiguity has been charged against Rawls’s difference principle (DP). Is it Maximin, Leximin, or something else? Usually, following A. Sen, scholars identify DP with the so-called Leximin. One argues here that one has to distinguish 1° the Leximin, 2° the Maximin (as rule of justice formally analogous to the maximin rule of decision), represented ... بیشتر
Image, Time, and Photography Based on Heidegger’s Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 72-89
چکیده
In Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics (KPM), Heidegger shows how the initial image-making power of the imagination is pictorial in the pure image of time. He further clarifies the recognized link between the syntheses and the time-visualizing power of images which is pictorial formative power, which can visualize time. The three syntheses of imagination are ... بیشتر
Philosophical-Psychological Approach to Culture and Education
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 90-98
چکیده
Education is a continually developing activity, it shapes the way an individual develops their attitudes, thoughts and behavior. Education is not just about being literate but it is an overall development of the person in every aspect of their lives. A society's educational system can be greatly linked to its culture as the culture that one is in have an affect ... بیشتر
Ethics Based on Primacy of Existence (Aṣālat al-Wujūd) with a Focus on Mullā Sadrā's Primacy of Existence
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 99-115
چکیده
This research endeavors to introduce a novel concept in ethics, namely ethics based on the primacy of existence, drawing upon Aṣālat al-wujūd, the theory of the primacy of existence in ontology. Mullā Sadrā's philosophy, which has three basic tenets—the primacy of existence, substantial motion (Ḥarakat-i Juharī), and gradation in existence (Tashkīk-i ... بیشتر
The Deficits of Scientific Scepticism: Revisiting the Higher Values of Contextualistic Pluralism in Justification of Truth and Knowledge Claims
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 116-127
چکیده
Scientific scepticism, fundamentally, questions the veracity and epistemic value of claims not supported by scientific evidence. Motivated by the assumption that only the empirical investigation of reality leads to the truth, the scientific sceptics often maintain that only scientific method is best suited for this purpose. Claims found to be wanting in scientific ... بیشتر
“Everything is Full of Gods”; Theologia - Muthologia and the Beginning of the Ancient Greek Political Thought
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 128-146
چکیده
The primary objective of this article is to elucidate that a comprehensive understanding of Greek political thought necessitates an examination of its origins in Ancient Greece. Traditional scholarship in Greek political thought has typically assumed that it originated concurrently with philosophy and the establishment of the polis. In this research, drawing ... بیشتر
A Review of the Theory of "The Spirit of Meaning" with Emphasis on Al-Ghazali's Point of View
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 147-158
چکیده
Considering the fact that the words in the intra-religious attitude are considered in two ways, the first is towards jurisprudential words and the second is a rational and conceptual view focusing on their meanings. we have tried to deal with one of the most important issues of intra-religious attitude with a rational approach by descriptive and analytical method, ... بیشتر
An Evaluation of Kant’s Transcendental Idealism Using the Inversion Theory of Truth
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 159-174
چکیده
This paper examines the work of Immanuel Kant in the light of a new theory on the nature of truth, knowledge and falsehood (the Inversion Theory of Truth). Kant’s idea that knowledge could be absolutely certain, and that its truth must correspond with reality, is discredited by a dissection of the Correspondence Theory of Truth. This examination of the ... بیشتر
Analytical Study of the Role of the Industry of Religion of Ibn Khaldun, Discipline and Technology of the Self of Foucault in Power Domination
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 175-190
چکیده
In some point of view, neither Michel Foucault nor Ibn Khaldun are considered philosophers in the conventional classifications, but both are very important in intellectual and, of course, in philosophical contexts, especially for those who are interested in the deep study of human life from the perspective of political thought.The main concern of two thinkers, ... بیشتر
A Dialectic Approach to the Conception of Beauty and the Natural Aesthetics: an interdisciplinary perspective in focus
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 191-202
چکیده
Nature has aesthetics of its own, what can provoke the human mind into better recognizing the concept of beauty via mental perception. As such, human mind can interact with the nonverbal expressions of nature only to better his/her primitive aesthetic knowledge and reach a more novel recognition of aestheticism via the practice of interpretative deduction. This ... بیشتر
Memory as a Mass-Based Graph: Towards a Conceptual Framework for the Simulation Model of Human Memory in Al
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 203-214
چکیده
There are two approaches for simulating memory as well as learning in artificial intelligence; the functionalistic approach and the cognitive approach. The necessary condition to put the second approach into account is to provide a model of brain activity that contains a quite good congruence with observational facts such as mistakes and forgotten experiences. ... بیشتر
Beyond Metanarratives and Universal Ideologies: Exploring Postmodernist Educational Concepts for Autonomy in Iranian EFL Context
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 215-230
چکیده
Postmodernism represents skepticism toward metanarratives and universal ideologies that dominated the modernist era. The study focuses on three key postmodernist concepts - alternative assessment, process syllabi, and self-directed learning. Alternative assessment emphasizes evaluating the learning process over summative testing. Process syllabi focus on the ... بیشتر
Rethinking The Lockean Approach to The Problem of Personal Identity
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 231-249
چکیده
The problem of personal identity among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of personal identity raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the identity of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the ... بیشتر
The Dēnkard VI: ‘Consequentialism’ and ‘Capitalism’ as Well as Paymān (The ancient Iranian ‘golden mean’)
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 250-266
چکیده
Dēnkard (Acts of the religion), written in Pahlavi, is a summary of 10th-century knowledge of the Mazdean religion and is described by Jean de Menasce on the title page of his translation as a ‘Mazdean encyclopedia.’ The Dēnkard VI (Book VI of the Dēnkard) is representative of late antique and early medieval Zoroastrian ... بیشتر
Transcending Otherness: Overcoming Obstacles in the Mystical Journey in Shabestarī’s Rose Garden of Mystery
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 267-282
چکیده
This study explores the distinguished Persian Sufi mystic Shaykh Maḥmūd Shabestarī’s Golshan-e Rāz, or The Rose Garden of Mystery. Adopting a hermeneutic approach, it scrutinizes the intricate spiritual journey towards divine realization delineated in Shabestarī’s poetry, utilizing qualitative content analysis of original texts and interpretations ... بیشتر
Fardid and Nasr on the Confrontation of Western World
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 283-299
چکیده
Regarding the way of facing the West and modernity, Ahmed Fardid is among the thinkers who, by adopting a philosophical and judgmental approach, rejects modernity, philosophy, and western civilization in its entirety. Fardid considers modernity and the West to have an inherent crisis and considers any attempt to patch up modernity with Eastern religions or cultures ... بیشتر
Commonalities of the Abrahamic Religions in the Worldview of Science: Metaphysical Presuppositions of Science
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 300-316
چکیده
The Abrahamic religions include the three monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All of these religions consider Abraham as their ancestor, and they consider science to be the knowledge of the universe and humanity, which are divine revelations. The framework of science in the Abrahamic religions uses three basic concepts: 1) monotheism (as ... بیشتر
Beyond the Bodily View and Psychological View of Human Beings: Human Beings are Rational Animals
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 317-329
چکیده
We are... So, to reframe the inquiry: who are we on a metaphysical level? Which aspects of ourselves are the most universally representative of who we are? How do we fare in the face of the passage of time? For decades, philosophers have debated the concept of diachronic personal identity, which focuses on the question of what keeps us alive. An intricate debate ... بیشتر
The Philosophy of Teacher Immunity: EFL Teachers’ Perspectives
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 330-346
چکیده
Teacher factors encompass the teachers’ cognitive and affective characteristics that are likely to affect their instructional efficacy. Language teacher immunity is one of the affective factors that determines the teachers’ psychological well-being in their settings. The present study strived to itemize the factors in novice and experienced EFL instructors’ ... بیشتر
Flourishing and Essential Capacities
دوره 17، شماره 45 ، دی 1402، صفحه 347-360
چکیده
I have previously argued that human flourishing partly consists in the ability to exercise essential human capacities, many of which are non-distinctive and shared with other animals. The concept of flourishing is itself species-specific. Thus, the development of essential capacities (human and nonhuman) comprises a large part of the goods that we ought to promote. ... بیشتر